Ben McDougal #55 LHP West Virginia

app 15
gs 0
w 1
l 1
sv 1
ip 19.0
era 3.79
whip 1.00
k 12
Recent Games
May 9 at Kansas St. L, 8-7
May 10 at Kansas St. W, 10-3
May 11 at Kansas St. L, 14-9
May 15 Kansas L, 3-0
May 16 Kansas L, 8-5
May 17 Kansas L, 7-0
Statistics category Overall Conf
Games 15 275th 10 213th
Plate appearances 0 439th 0 434th
At Bats 0 235th 0 226th
Runs 0 223rd 0 203rd
Hits 0 216th 0 197th
Doubles - - - -
Triples - - - -
Home Runs - - - -
Runs Batted In 0 207th 0 188th
Total bases 0 427th 0 418th
Walks - - - -
Hit by pitch - - - -
Strikeouts - - - -
Sacrifice Flies - - - -
Sacrifice Hits - - - -
Hit into double play - - - -
Stolen Bases - - - -
Caught Stealing - - - -
Batting Average - - - -
On Base Percentage - - - -
Slugging Percentage - - - -
Appearances 15 85th 10 41st
Games started 0 129th 0 88th
Wins 1 112th 1 55th
Losses 1 87th 1 56th
Saves 1 35th 1 19th
Complete Games - - - -
Shutouts - - - -
Innings Pitched 19.0 135th 15.2 86th
Hits 14 165th 12 112th
Runs 9 172nd 9 110th
Earned Runs 8 169th 8 108th
Walks 5 193rd 4 140th
Strikeouts 12 164th 8 118th
Strikeouts per Game 5.68 - 4.60 -
Doubles Allowed 5 92nd 5 51st
Triples Allowed - - - -
WHIP 1.00 - 1.02 -
Home Runs Allows - - - -
At Bats Against 68 149th 57 89th
Batting Average Against .206 37th .211 35th
Earned Run Average 3.79 - 4.60 -
Wild pitches 1 1st 1 1st
Hit Batters 3 76th 3 82nd
Balks 1 1st 1 1st
Sacrifice Flies Allowed 1 1st 1 1st
Sacrifice Hits Allowed - - - -
Total Chances 2 354th 1 318th
Put Outs 0 351st 0 286th
Assists 2 257th 1 236th
Errors 0 246th 0 181st
Fielding Percentage 1.000 - 1.000 -
Double Plays - - - -
Stolen Bases Allowed 1 178th 1 134th
Runners Caught Stealing - - - -
Runners Caught Stealing Percentage - - - -
Passed Balls - - - -
Catcher's Interference - - - -
Date Opponent Score ab r h 2b 3b hr rbi bb k sb cs
Feb 14 at Jacksonville W, 4-2 - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 15 at Jacksonville W, 10-3 - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 15 at Jacksonville W, 3-2 - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 16 at Jacksonville   - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 22 at Lipscomb W, 5-4 - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 23 at Lipscomb W, 5-0 - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 23 at Lipscomb W, 4-2 - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 24 at Lipscomb W, 5-4 - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 26 Ohio W, 8-4 - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 28 at Queens (N.C.) W, 7-1 - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 1 at Queens (N.C.) W, 11-7 - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 2 at Queens (N.C.) W, 11-1 - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 3 at Queens (N.C.) W, 17-3 - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 7 Kennesaw St. W, 16-2 - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 8 Kennesaw St. L, 13-9 - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 9 Kennesaw St. W, 14-6 - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 11 Towson W, 16-5 0 0 0 - - - 0 - - - -
Mar 14 at Oklahoma St.   - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 15 at Oklahoma St.   - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 16 at Oklahoma St. W, 8-6 - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 18 James Madison W, 11-1 0 0 0 - - - 0 - - - -
Mar 19 James Madison W, 3-1 - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 21 Arizona L, 6-4 - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 22 Arizona W, 11-3 - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 23 Arizona L, 11-4 0 0 0 - - - 0 - - - -
Mar 25 Marshall W, 7-0 0 0 0 - - - 0 - - - -
Mar 27 at BYU L, 14-5 0 0 0 - - - 0 - - - -
Mar 28 at BYU W, 20-6 0 0 0 - - - 0 - - - -
Mar 29 at BYU W, 19-16 - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 1 at Ohio St. W, 9-6 - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 2 Pittsburgh W, 11-1 - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 4 Utah W, 6-3 - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 5 Utah W, 6-4 - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 5 Utah W, 14-4 0 0 0 - - - 0 - - - -
Apr 8 Penn St.   - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 11 at Houston W, 9-2 - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 12 at Houston W, 9-8 - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 13 at Houston W, 11-4 - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 15 at Marshall W, 5-4 - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 17 Cincinnati W, 3-2 - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 18 Cincinnati W, 6-4 - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 19 Cincinnati W, 10-5 0 0 0 - - - 0 - - - -
Apr 22 at Penn St. L, 3-2 - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 25 at UCF W, 4-1 - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 26 at UCF W, 15-10 0 0 0 - - - 0 - - - -
Apr 27 at UCF W, 4-3 0 0 0 - - - 0 - - - -
Apr 30 vs. Marshall L, 7-6 0 0 0 - - - 0 - - - -
May 3 Texas Tech L, 6-4 0 0 0 - - - 0 - - - -
May 3 Texas Tech W, 3-2 - - - - - - - - - - -
May 4 Texas Tech W, 5-0 - - - - - - - - - - -
May 6 at Pittsburgh L, 10-9 0 0 0 - - - 0 - - - -
May 9 at Kansas St. L, 8-7 - - - - - - - - - - -
May 10 at Kansas St. W, 10-3 0 0 0 - - - 0 - - - -
May 11 at Kansas St. L, 14-9 - - - - - - - - - - -
May 15 Kansas L, 3-0 - - - - - - - - - - -
May 16 Kansas L, 8-5 0 0 0 - - - 0 - - - -
May 17 Kansas L, 7-0 - - - - - - - - - - -
Date Opponent Score hbp sf sh tb xbh hdp go fo go/fo pa
Feb 14 at Jacksonville W, 4-2 - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 15 at Jacksonville W, 10-3 - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 15 at Jacksonville W, 3-2 - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 16 at Jacksonville   - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 22 at Lipscomb W, 5-4 - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 23 at Lipscomb W, 5-0 - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 23 at Lipscomb W, 4-2 - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 24 at Lipscomb W, 5-4 - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 26 Ohio W, 8-4 - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 28 at Queens (N.C.) W, 7-1 - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 1 at Queens (N.C.) W, 11-7 - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 2 at Queens (N.C.) W, 11-1 - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 3 at Queens (N.C.) W, 17-3 - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 7 Kennesaw St. W, 16-2 - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 8 Kennesaw St. L, 13-9 - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 9 Kennesaw St. W, 14-6 - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 11 Towson W, 16-5 - - - 0 0 - - - - 0
Mar 14 at Oklahoma St.   - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 15 at Oklahoma St.   - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 16 at Oklahoma St. W, 8-6 - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 18 James Madison W, 11-1 - - - 0 0 - - - - 0
Mar 19 James Madison W, 3-1 - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 21 Arizona L, 6-4 - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 22 Arizona W, 11-3 - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 23 Arizona L, 11-4 - - - 0 0 - - - - 0
Mar 25 Marshall W, 7-0 - - - 0 0 - - - - 0
Mar 27 at BYU L, 14-5 - - - 0 0 - - - - 0
Mar 28 at BYU W, 20-6 - - - 0 0 - - - - 0
Mar 29 at BYU W, 19-16 - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 1 at Ohio St. W, 9-6 - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 2 Pittsburgh W, 11-1 - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 4 Utah W, 6-3 - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 5 Utah W, 6-4 - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 5 Utah W, 14-4 - - - 0 0 - - - - 0
Apr 8 Penn St.   - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 11 at Houston W, 9-2 - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 12 at Houston W, 9-8 - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 13 at Houston W, 11-4 - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 15 at Marshall W, 5-4 - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 17 Cincinnati W, 3-2 - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 18 Cincinnati W, 6-4 - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 19 Cincinnati W, 10-5 - - - 0 0 - - - - 0
Apr 22 at Penn St. L, 3-2 - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 25 at UCF W, 4-1 - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 26 at UCF W, 15-10 - - - 0 0 - - - - 0
Apr 27 at UCF W, 4-3 - - - 0 0 - - - - 0
Apr 30 vs. Marshall L, 7-6 - - - 0 0 - - - - 0
May 3 Texas Tech L, 6-4 - - - 0 0 - - - - 0
May 3 Texas Tech W, 3-2 - - - - - - - - - -
May 4 Texas Tech W, 5-0 - - - - - - - - - -
May 6 at Pittsburgh L, 10-9 - - - 0 0 - - - - 0
May 9 at Kansas St. L, 8-7 - - - - - - - - - -
May 10 at Kansas St. W, 10-3 - - - 0 0 - - - - 0
May 11 at Kansas St. L, 14-9 - - - - - - - - - -
May 15 Kansas L, 3-0 - - - - - - - - - -
May 16 Kansas L, 8-5 - - - 0 0 - - - - 0
May 17 Kansas L, 7-0 - - - - - - - - - -
Date Opponent Score gs w l sv ip h r er era whip bb k hr
Feb 14 at Jacksonville W, 4-2 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 15 at Jacksonville W, 10-3 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 15 at Jacksonville W, 3-2 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 16 at Jacksonville   - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 22 at Lipscomb W, 5-4 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 23 at Lipscomb W, 5-0 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 23 at Lipscomb W, 4-2 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 24 at Lipscomb W, 5-4 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 26 Ohio W, 8-4 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 28 at Queens (N.C.) W, 7-1 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 1 at Queens (N.C.) W, 11-7 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 2 at Queens (N.C.) W, 11-1 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 3 at Queens (N.C.) W, 17-3 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 7 Kennesaw St. W, 16-2 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 8 Kennesaw St. L, 13-9 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 9 Kennesaw St. W, 14-6 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 11 Towson W, 16-5 0 0 0 0 1.0 - - - 0.00 - - 2 -
Mar 14 at Oklahoma St.   - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 15 at Oklahoma St.   - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 16 at Oklahoma St. W, 8-6 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 18 James Madison W, 11-1 0 0 0 0 1.0 1 - - 0.00 1.00 - 1 -
Mar 19 James Madison W, 3-1 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 21 Arizona L, 6-4 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 22 Arizona W, 11-3 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 23 Arizona L, 11-4 0 0 0 0 0.1 - - - 0.00 - - 0 -
Mar 25 Marshall W, 7-0 0 0 0 0 0.2 - - - 0.00 - - 0 -
Mar 27 at BYU L, 14-5 0 0 0 0 0.2 3 3 2 27.00 4.50 0 2 -
Mar 28 at BYU W, 20-6 0 0 0 0 1.0 0 0 0 0.00 .00 0 0 -
Mar 29 at BYU W, 19-16 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 1 at Ohio St. W, 9-6 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 2 Pittsburgh W, 11-1 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 4 Utah W, 6-3 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 5 Utah W, 6-4 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 5 Utah W, 14-4 0 0 0 0 1.0 - - - 0.00 - - 2 -
Apr 8 Penn St.   - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 11 at Houston W, 9-2 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 12 at Houston W, 9-8 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 13 at Houston W, 11-4 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 15 at Marshall W, 5-4 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 17 Cincinnati W, 3-2 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 18 Cincinnati W, 6-4 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 19 Cincinnati W, 10-5 0 0 0 0 0.1 3 2 2 54.00 9.00 - 0 -
Apr 22 at Penn St. L, 3-2 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 25 at UCF W, 4-1 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 26 at UCF W, 15-10 0 0 0 0 2.2 2 - - 0.00 1.13 1 0 -
Apr 27 at UCF W, 4-3 0 0 0 1 2.1 - - - 0.00 - - 0 -
Apr 30 vs. Marshall L, 7-6 0 0 0 0 0.2 - - - 0.00 - - 1 -
May 3 Texas Tech L, 6-4 0 0 0 0 0.0 - 1 1 INF - 1 0 -
May 3 Texas Tech W, 3-2 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
May 4 Texas Tech W, 5-0 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
May 6 at Pittsburgh L, 10-9 0 0 0 0 0.0 1 - - 0.00 - 1 0 -
May 9 at Kansas St. L, 8-7 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
May 10 at Kansas St. W, 10-3 0 1 0 0 4.2 1 - - 0.00 .43 1 2 -
May 11 at Kansas St. L, 14-9 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
May 15 Kansas L, 3-0 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
May 16 Kansas L, 8-5 0 0 1 0 2.2 3 3 3 10.13 1.50 1 2 -
May 17 Kansas L, 7-0 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Date Opponent Score tc po a e fpct dp sba rcs rcs% pb ci
Feb 14 at Jacksonville W, 4-2 - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 15 at Jacksonville W, 10-3 - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 15 at Jacksonville W, 3-2 - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 16 at Jacksonville   - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 22 at Lipscomb W, 5-4 - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 23 at Lipscomb W, 5-0 - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 23 at Lipscomb W, 4-2 - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 24 at Lipscomb W, 5-4 - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 26 Ohio W, 8-4 - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 28 at Queens (N.C.) W, 7-1 - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 1 at Queens (N.C.) W, 11-7 - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 2 at Queens (N.C.) W, 11-1 - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 3 at Queens (N.C.) W, 17-3 - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 7 Kennesaw St. W, 16-2 - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 8 Kennesaw St. L, 13-9 - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 9 Kennesaw St. W, 14-6 - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 11 Towson W, 16-5 0 0 0 0 - - - - - - -
Mar 14 at Oklahoma St.   - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 15 at Oklahoma St.   - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 16 at Oklahoma St. W, 8-6 - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 18 James Madison W, 11-1 0 0 0 0 - - - - - - -
Mar 19 James Madison W, 3-1 - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 21 Arizona L, 6-4 - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 22 Arizona W, 11-3 - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 23 Arizona L, 11-4 0 0 0 0 - - - - - - -
Mar 25 Marshall W, 7-0 1 0 1 0 1.000 - - - - - -
Mar 27 at BYU L, 14-5 0 0 0 0 - - - - - - -
Mar 28 at BYU W, 20-6 0 0 0 0 - - - - - - -
Mar 29 at BYU W, 19-16 - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 1 at Ohio St. W, 9-6 - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 2 Pittsburgh W, 11-1 - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 4 Utah W, 6-3 - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 5 Utah W, 6-4 - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 5 Utah W, 14-4 0 0 0 0 - - - - - - -
Apr 8 Penn St.   - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 11 at Houston W, 9-2 - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 12 at Houston W, 9-8 - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 13 at Houston W, 11-4 - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 15 at Marshall W, 5-4 - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 17 Cincinnati W, 3-2 - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 18 Cincinnati W, 6-4 - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 19 Cincinnati W, 10-5 0 0 0 0 - - - - - - -
Apr 22 at Penn St. L, 3-2 - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 25 at UCF W, 4-1 - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 26 at UCF W, 15-10 1 0 1 0 1.000 - - - - - -
Apr 27 at UCF W, 4-3 0 0 0 0 - - - - - - -
Apr 30 vs. Marshall L, 7-6 0 0 0 0 - - - - - - -
May 3 Texas Tech L, 6-4 0 0 0 0 - - 1 - - - -
May 3 Texas Tech W, 3-2 - - - - - - - - - - -
May 4 Texas Tech W, 5-0 - - - - - - - - - - -
May 6 at Pittsburgh L, 10-9 0 0 0 0 - - - - - - -
May 9 at Kansas St. L, 8-7 - - - - - - - - - - -
May 10 at Kansas St. W, 10-3 0 0 0 0 - - - - - - -
May 11 at Kansas St. L, 14-9 - - - - - - - - - - -
May 15 Kansas L, 3-0 - - - - - - - - - - -
May 16 Kansas L, 8-5 0 0 0 0 - - - - - - -
May 17 Kansas L, 7-0 - - - - - - - - - - -
  g ab r h 2b 3b hr rbi bb k sb cs avg obp slg
2024-25 15 0 0 0 - - - 0 - - - - - - -
Total 15 0 0 0 - - - 0 - - - - - - -
  g hbp sf sh tb xbh hdp go fo go/fo pa
2024-25 15 - - - 0 0 - - - - 0
Total 15 - - - 0 0 - - - - 0
  app gs w l sv cg ip h r er bb k k/9 hr era whip
2024-25 15 0 1 1 1 - 19.0 14 9 8 5 12 5.68 - 3.79 1.00
Total 15 0 1 1 1 - 19.0 14 9 8 5 12 5.68 - 3.79 1.00
  g tc po a e fpct dp sba rcs rcs% pb ci
2024-25 15 2 0 2 0 1.000 - 1 - - - -
Total 15 2 0 2 0 1.000 - 1 - - - -
  g ab r h 2b 3b hr rbi bb k sb cs avg obp slg
Total 15 0 0 0 - - - 0 - - - - - - -
Conference 10 0 0 0 - - - 0 - - - - - - -
Exhibition - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
 
-
Home 8 0 0 0 - - - 0 - - - - - - -
Away 6 0 0 0 - - - 0 - - - - - - -
Neutral 1 0 0 0 - - - 0 - - - - - - -
 
-
Wins 9 0 0 0 - - - 0 - - - - - - -
Losses 6 0 0 0 - - - 0 - - - - - - -
 
-
March 6 0 0 0 - - - 0 - - - - - - -
April 5 0 0 0 - - - 0 - - - - - - -
May 4 0 0 0 - - - 0 - - - - - - -
  g hbp sf sh tb xbh hdp go fo go/fo pa
Total 15 - - - 0 0 - - - - 0
Conference 10 - - - 0 0 - - - - 0
Exhibition - - - - 0 0 - - - - 0
 
-
Home 8 - - - 0 0 - - - - 0
Away 6 - - - 0 0 - - - - 0
Neutral 1 - - - 0 0 - - - - 0
 
-
Wins 9 - - - 0 0 - - - - 0
Losses 6 - - - 0 0 - - - - 0
 
-
March 6 - - - 0 0 - - - - 0
April 5 - - - 0 0 - - - - 0
May 4 - - - 0 0 - - - - 0
  app gs w l sv cg ip h r er bb k k/9 hr era whip
Total 15 0 1 1 1 - 19.0 14 9 8 5 12 5.68 - 3.79 1.00
Conference 10 0 1 1 1 - 15.2 12 9 8 4 8 4.60 - 4.60 1.02
Exhibition - - - - - - 0.0 - - - - 0 .00 - 0.00 -
 
-
Home 8 0 0 1 0 - 7.0 7 6 6 2 7 9.00 - 7.71 1.29
Away 6 0 1 0 1 - 11.1 7 3 2 3 4 3.18 - 1.59 .88
Neutral 1 0 0 0 0 - 0.2 - - - - 1 13.50 - 0.00 -
 
-
Wins 9 0 1 0 1 - 14.2 7 2 2 2 7 4.30 - 1.23 .61
Losses 6 0 0 1 0 - 4.1 7 7 6 3 5 10.38 - 12.46 2.31
 
-
March 6 0 0 0 0 - 4.2 4 3 2 0 5 9.64 - 3.86 .86
April 5 0 0 0 1 - 7.0 5 2 2 1 3 3.86 - 2.57 .86
May 4 0 1 1 0 - 7.1 5 4 4 4 4 4.91 - 4.91 1.23
  g tc po a e fpct dp sba rcs rcs% pb ci
Total 15 2 0 2 0 1.000 - 1 - - - -
Conference 10 1 0 1 0 1.000 - 1 - - - -
Exhibition - 0 - - - - - - - - - -
 
-
Home 8 1 0 1 0 1.000 - 1 - - - -
Away 6 1 0 1 0 1.000 - - - - - -
Neutral 1 0 0 0 0 - - - - - - -
 
-
Wins 9 2 0 2 0 1.000 - - - - - -
Losses 6 0 0 0 0 - - 1 - - - -
 
-
March 6 1 0 1 0 1.000 - - - - - -
April 5 1 0 1 0 1.000 - - - - - -
May 4 0 0 0 0 - - 1 - - - -